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Squalane was introduced for cosmetic use in the 1950s. The unsaturated form of squalene is produced in human sebum and the livers of sharks. Squalane has low toxicity and is not a significant human skin irritant or sensitizer. However, due to environmental concerns, other sources such as olive oil, rice, and sugar cane have been commercialized and, since 2014, have been supplying about 40% of the industry total. In manufacturing, Farnesene is produced from the fermentation of sugarcane sugars …

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid or ascorbate) is found in citrus and other fruits and vegetables and is sold as a dietary supplement. Vitamin C is an essential nutrient involved in the repair of tissue, the formation of collagen, and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters. In addition, it is necessary for immune system function. It also serves as an antioxidant. Some evidence suggests that regular use of vitamin c supplements may reduce the duration of the common cold, but it does not …

(Abbreviated HA) is unique as it forms in the plasma membrane and can be substantial. The average 150 lb person naturally has about 15 grams of hyaluronic acid in the body. Hyaluronic acid is also a significant component of skin and is involved in repairing tissue. When skin is exposed to excessive UV rays, it becomes inflamed (sunburn), and the cells in the dermis stop producing as much hyaluronan and increase the rate of its degradation.What are the benefits of hyaluronic acid? Hyaluronic …

Niacinamide or nicotinamide is a form of vitamin B3 found in food and used as a dietary supplement and medication. When in the form of a supplement, it prevents and treats pellagra (niacin deficiency). In addition, niacinamide has the benefit of not causing skin flushing. As a cream, it is used to treat acne. Niacinamide is the supplement name, but Nicotinamide (NAM) is the scientific name. Niacinamide is in the vitamin B family of medications, specifically the vitamin B3 complex. Foods that con …

Imagine this: You walk into your local cosmetics store and buy a new product, excited to add it to your routine based on the claims on the bottle. Then, you see someone on Instagram talking about how a particular product changed their skin for the better, and you order it. Some of these products may be good, but do they work into your current routine? Some ingredients in products don't play nicely together. Components that shouldn't be layered are challenging to keep stable in a formula, incr …